• Which of these is probably harder for most students?
• Can you solve them in the same manner as a non-orthogonal problem?
• Link to video of my solutions -- note that I used sine instead of tangent to find the direction in the first problem, but I caught myself when I solved the second, and I went back at the end and fixed the direction for the first problem.

1.    Find the actual velocity (direction and speed) of a kayaker whose heading is eastward across a southward-flowing river, if the kayaker's speed in still water is 4.5m/s, and the river's current is 2.5m/s.

2.  Find the speed and heading of a kayaker who is traveling in a river with a 3.8m/s westward current.  The kayaker's velocity (relative to the Earth) is 6.2m/s Southward.